3.23.20 \(\int \frac {1}{x^2 (a+b x+c x^2)^4} \, dx\) [2220]

3.23.20.1 Optimal result
3.23.20.2 Mathematica [A] (verified)
3.23.20.3 Rubi [A] (verified)
3.23.20.4 Maple [B] (verified)
3.23.20.5 Fricas [B] (verification not implemented)
3.23.20.6 Sympy [F(-1)]
3.23.20.7 Maxima [F(-2)]
3.23.20.8 Giac [A] (verification not implemented)
3.23.20.9 Mupad [B] (verification not implemented)

3.23.20.1 Optimal result

Integrand size = 16, antiderivative size = 352 \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^4} \, dx=-\frac {4 \left (b^6-11 a b^4 c+38 a^2 b^2 c^2-35 a^3 c^3\right )}{a^4 \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^3 x}+\frac {b^2-2 a c+b c x}{3 a \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) x \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^3}+\frac {2 \left (b^4-7 a b^2 c+7 a^2 c^2\right )+b c \left (2 b^2-13 a c\right ) x}{3 a^2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^2 x \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^2}+\frac {2 \left (3 b^6-32 a b^4 c+105 a^2 b^2 c^2-70 a^3 c^3+3 b c \left (b^4-10 a b^2 c+29 a^2 c^2\right ) x\right )}{3 a^3 \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^3 x \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}-\frac {4 \left (b^8-14 a b^6 c+70 a^2 b^4 c^2-140 a^3 b^2 c^3+70 a^4 c^4\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {b+2 c x}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right )}{a^5 \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^{7/2}}-\frac {4 b \log (x)}{a^5}+\frac {2 b \log \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}{a^5} \]

output
-4*(-35*a^3*c^3+38*a^2*b^2*c^2-11*a*b^4*c+b^6)/a^4/(-4*a*c+b^2)^3/x+1/3*(b 
*c*x-2*a*c+b^2)/a/(-4*a*c+b^2)/x/(c*x^2+b*x+a)^3+1/3*(14*a^2*c^2-14*a*b^2* 
c+2*b^4+b*c*(-13*a*c+2*b^2)*x)/a^2/(-4*a*c+b^2)^2/x/(c*x^2+b*x+a)^2+2/3*(3 
*b^6-32*a*b^4*c+105*a^2*b^2*c^2-70*a^3*c^3+3*b*c*(29*a^2*c^2-10*a*b^2*c+b^ 
4)*x)/a^3/(-4*a*c+b^2)^3/x/(c*x^2+b*x+a)-4*(70*a^4*c^4-140*a^3*b^2*c^3+70* 
a^2*b^4*c^2-14*a*b^6*c+b^8)*arctanh((2*c*x+b)/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/a^5/(-4* 
a*c+b^2)^(7/2)-4*b*ln(x)/a^5+2*b*ln(c*x^2+b*x+a)/a^5
 
3.23.20.2 Mathematica [A] (verified)

Time = 0.46 (sec) , antiderivative size = 329, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.93 \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^4} \, dx=\frac {-\frac {3 a}{x}+\frac {a^3 \left (b^3-3 a b c+b^2 c x-2 a c^2 x\right )}{\left (-b^2+4 a c\right ) (a+x (b+c x))^3}-\frac {a^2 \left (3 b^5-22 a b^3 c+35 a^2 b c^2+3 b^4 c x-20 a b^2 c^2 x+22 a^2 c^3 x\right )}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right )^2 (a+x (b+c x))^2}+\frac {3 a \left (-3 b^7+34 a b^5 c-124 a^2 b^3 c^2+134 a^3 b c^3-3 b^6 c x+32 a b^4 c^2 x-104 a^2 b^2 c^3 x+76 a^3 c^4 x\right )}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right )^3 (a+x (b+c x))}-\frac {12 \left (b^8-14 a b^6 c+70 a^2 b^4 c^2-140 a^3 b^2 c^3+70 a^4 c^4\right ) \arctan \left (\frac {b+2 c x}{\sqrt {-b^2+4 a c}}\right )}{\left (-b^2+4 a c\right )^{7/2}}-12 b \log (x)+6 b \log (a+x (b+c x))}{3 a^5} \]

input
Integrate[1/(x^2*(a + b*x + c*x^2)^4),x]
 
output
((-3*a)/x + (a^3*(b^3 - 3*a*b*c + b^2*c*x - 2*a*c^2*x))/((-b^2 + 4*a*c)*(a 
 + x*(b + c*x))^3) - (a^2*(3*b^5 - 22*a*b^3*c + 35*a^2*b*c^2 + 3*b^4*c*x - 
 20*a*b^2*c^2*x + 22*a^2*c^3*x))/((b^2 - 4*a*c)^2*(a + x*(b + c*x))^2) + ( 
3*a*(-3*b^7 + 34*a*b^5*c - 124*a^2*b^3*c^2 + 134*a^3*b*c^3 - 3*b^6*c*x + 3 
2*a*b^4*c^2*x - 104*a^2*b^2*c^3*x + 76*a^3*c^4*x))/((b^2 - 4*a*c)^3*(a + x 
*(b + c*x))) - (12*(b^8 - 14*a*b^6*c + 70*a^2*b^4*c^2 - 140*a^3*b^2*c^3 + 
70*a^4*c^4)*ArcTan[(b + 2*c*x)/Sqrt[-b^2 + 4*a*c]])/(-b^2 + 4*a*c)^(7/2) - 
 12*b*Log[x] + 6*b*Log[a + x*(b + c*x)])/(3*a^5)
 
3.23.20.3 Rubi [A] (verified)

Time = 0.78 (sec) , antiderivative size = 410, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.16, number of steps used = 8, number of rules used = 8, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.500, Rules used = {1165, 27, 1235, 27, 1235, 27, 1200, 2009}

Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.

\(\displaystyle \int \frac {1}{x^2 \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^4} \, dx\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 1165

\(\displaystyle \frac {-2 a c+b^2+b c x}{3 a x \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^3}-\frac {\int -\frac {2 \left (2 b^2+3 c x b-7 a c\right )}{x^2 \left (c x^2+b x+a\right )^3}dx}{3 a \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 27

\(\displaystyle \frac {2 \int \frac {2 b^2+3 c x b-7 a c}{x^2 \left (c x^2+b x+a\right )^3}dx}{3 a \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}+\frac {-2 a c+b^2+b c x}{3 a x \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^3}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 1235

\(\displaystyle \frac {2 \left (\frac {2 \left (7 a^2 c^2-7 a b^2 c+b^4\right )+b c x \left (2 b^2-13 a c\right )}{2 a x \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^2}-\frac {\int -\frac {2 \left (\left (3 b^2-7 a c\right ) \left (b^2-5 a c\right )+2 b c \left (2 b^2-13 a c\right ) x\right )}{x^2 \left (c x^2+b x+a\right )^2}dx}{2 a \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}\right )}{3 a \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}+\frac {-2 a c+b^2+b c x}{3 a x \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^3}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 27

\(\displaystyle \frac {2 \left (\frac {\int \frac {\left (3 b^2-7 a c\right ) \left (b^2-5 a c\right )+2 b c \left (2 b^2-13 a c\right ) x}{x^2 \left (c x^2+b x+a\right )^2}dx}{a \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}+\frac {2 \left (7 a^2 c^2-7 a b^2 c+b^4\right )+b c x \left (2 b^2-13 a c\right )}{2 a x \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^2}\right )}{3 a \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}+\frac {-2 a c+b^2+b c x}{3 a x \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^3}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 1235

\(\displaystyle \frac {2 \left (\frac {\frac {-70 a^3 c^3+105 a^2 b^2 c^2+3 b c x \left (29 a^2 c^2-10 a b^2 c+b^4\right )-32 a b^4 c+3 b^6}{a x \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}-\frac {\int -\frac {6 \left (b^6-11 a c b^4+38 a^2 c^2 b^2+c \left (b^4-10 a c b^2+29 a^2 c^2\right ) x b-35 a^3 c^3\right )}{x^2 \left (c x^2+b x+a\right )}dx}{a \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}}{a \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}+\frac {2 \left (7 a^2 c^2-7 a b^2 c+b^4\right )+b c x \left (2 b^2-13 a c\right )}{2 a x \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^2}\right )}{3 a \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}+\frac {-2 a c+b^2+b c x}{3 a x \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^3}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 27

\(\displaystyle \frac {2 \left (\frac {\frac {6 \int \frac {b^6-11 a c b^4+38 a^2 c^2 b^2+c \left (b^4-10 a c b^2+29 a^2 c^2\right ) x b-35 a^3 c^3}{x^2 \left (c x^2+b x+a\right )}dx}{a \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}+\frac {-70 a^3 c^3+105 a^2 b^2 c^2+3 b c x \left (29 a^2 c^2-10 a b^2 c+b^4\right )-32 a b^4 c+3 b^6}{a x \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}}{a \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}+\frac {2 \left (7 a^2 c^2-7 a b^2 c+b^4\right )+b c x \left (2 b^2-13 a c\right )}{2 a x \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^2}\right )}{3 a \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}+\frac {-2 a c+b^2+b c x}{3 a x \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^3}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 1200

\(\displaystyle \frac {2 \left (\frac {\frac {6 \int \left (\frac {b \left (4 a c-b^2\right )^3}{a^2 x}+\frac {b c x \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^3+\left (b^2-5 a c\right ) \left (b^6-8 a c b^4+19 a^2 c^2 b^2-7 a^3 c^3\right )}{a^2 \left (c x^2+b x+a\right )}+\frac {b^6-11 a c b^4+38 a^2 c^2 b^2-35 a^3 c^3}{a x^2}\right )dx}{a \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}+\frac {-70 a^3 c^3+105 a^2 b^2 c^2+3 b c x \left (29 a^2 c^2-10 a b^2 c+b^4\right )-32 a b^4 c+3 b^6}{a x \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}}{a \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}+\frac {2 \left (7 a^2 c^2-7 a b^2 c+b^4\right )+b c x \left (2 b^2-13 a c\right )}{2 a x \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^2}\right )}{3 a \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}+\frac {-2 a c+b^2+b c x}{3 a x \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^3}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 2009

\(\displaystyle \frac {2 \left (\frac {2 \left (7 a^2 c^2-7 a b^2 c+b^4\right )+b c x \left (2 b^2-13 a c\right )}{2 a x \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^2}+\frac {\frac {-70 a^3 c^3+105 a^2 b^2 c^2+3 b c x \left (29 a^2 c^2-10 a b^2 c+b^4\right )-32 a b^4 c+3 b^6}{a x \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}+\frac {6 \left (\frac {b \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^3 \log \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}{2 a^2}-\frac {b \log (x) \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^3}{a^2}-\frac {-35 a^3 c^3+38 a^2 b^2 c^2-11 a b^4 c+b^6}{a x}-\frac {\left (70 a^4 c^4-140 a^3 b^2 c^3+70 a^2 b^4 c^2-14 a b^6 c+b^8\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {b+2 c x}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right )}{a^2 \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right )}{a \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}}{a \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}\right )}{3 a \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}+\frac {-2 a c+b^2+b c x}{3 a x \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^3}\)

input
Int[1/(x^2*(a + b*x + c*x^2)^4),x]
 
output
(b^2 - 2*a*c + b*c*x)/(3*a*(b^2 - 4*a*c)*x*(a + b*x + c*x^2)^3) + (2*((2*( 
b^4 - 7*a*b^2*c + 7*a^2*c^2) + b*c*(2*b^2 - 13*a*c)*x)/(2*a*(b^2 - 4*a*c)* 
x*(a + b*x + c*x^2)^2) + ((3*b^6 - 32*a*b^4*c + 105*a^2*b^2*c^2 - 70*a^3*c 
^3 + 3*b*c*(b^4 - 10*a*b^2*c + 29*a^2*c^2)*x)/(a*(b^2 - 4*a*c)*x*(a + b*x 
+ c*x^2)) + (6*(-((b^6 - 11*a*b^4*c + 38*a^2*b^2*c^2 - 35*a^3*c^3)/(a*x)) 
- ((b^8 - 14*a*b^6*c + 70*a^2*b^4*c^2 - 140*a^3*b^2*c^3 + 70*a^4*c^4)*ArcT 
anh[(b + 2*c*x)/Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]])/(a^2*Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]) - (b*(b^2 - 4* 
a*c)^3*Log[x])/a^2 + (b*(b^2 - 4*a*c)^3*Log[a + b*x + c*x^2])/(2*a^2)))/(a 
*(b^2 - 4*a*c)))/(a*(b^2 - 4*a*c))))/(3*a*(b^2 - 4*a*c))
 

3.23.20.3.1 Defintions of rubi rules used

rule 27
Int[(a_)*(Fx_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[a   Int[Fx, x], x] /; FreeQ[a, x] &&  !Ma 
tchQ[Fx, (b_)*(Gx_) /; FreeQ[b, x]]
 

rule 1165
Int[((d_.) + (e_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2)^(p_), x_S 
ymbol] :> Simp[(d + e*x)^(m + 1)*(b*c*d - b^2*e + 2*a*c*e + c*(2*c*d - b*e) 
*x)*((a + b*x + c*x^2)^(p + 1)/((p + 1)*(b^2 - 4*a*c)*(c*d^2 - b*d*e + a*e^ 
2))), x] + Simp[1/((p + 1)*(b^2 - 4*a*c)*(c*d^2 - b*d*e + a*e^2))   Int[(d 
+ e*x)^m*Simp[b*c*d*e*(2*p - m + 2) + b^2*e^2*(m + p + 2) - 2*c^2*d^2*(2*p 
+ 3) - 2*a*c*e^2*(m + 2*p + 3) - c*e*(2*c*d - b*e)*(m + 2*p + 4)*x, x]*(a + 
 b*x + c*x^2)^(p + 1), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, m}, x] && LtQ[p, -1] 
 && IntQuadraticQ[a, b, c, d, e, m, p, x]
 

rule 1200
Int[(((d_.) + (e_.)*(x_))^(m_.)*((f_.) + (g_.)*(x_))^(n_.))/((a_.) + (b_.)* 
(x_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2), x_Symbol] :> Int[ExpandIntegrand[(d + e*x)^m*((f + g* 
x)^n/(a + b*x + c*x^2)), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f, g, m}, x] && In 
tegersQ[n]
 

rule 1235
Int[((d_.) + (e_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((f_.) + (g_.)*(x_))*((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_) + (c 
_.)*(x_)^2)^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(d + e*x)^(m + 1)*(f*(b*c*d - b^2*e + 2 
*a*c*e) - a*g*(2*c*d - b*e) + c*(f*(2*c*d - b*e) - g*(b*d - 2*a*e))*x)*((a 
+ b*x + c*x^2)^(p + 1)/((p + 1)*(b^2 - 4*a*c)*(c*d^2 - b*d*e + a*e^2))), x] 
 + Simp[1/((p + 1)*(b^2 - 4*a*c)*(c*d^2 - b*d*e + a*e^2))   Int[(d + e*x)^m 
*(a + b*x + c*x^2)^(p + 1)*Simp[f*(b*c*d*e*(2*p - m + 2) + b^2*e^2*(p + m + 
 2) - 2*c^2*d^2*(2*p + 3) - 2*a*c*e^2*(m + 2*p + 3)) - g*(a*e*(b*e - 2*c*d* 
m + b*e*m) - b*d*(3*c*d - b*e + 2*c*d*p - b*e*p)) + c*e*(g*(b*d - 2*a*e) - 
f*(2*c*d - b*e))*(m + 2*p + 4)*x, x], x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f, g, 
 m}, x] && LtQ[p, -1] && (IntegerQ[m] || IntegerQ[p] || IntegersQ[2*m, 2*p] 
)
 

rule 2009
Int[u_, x_Symbol] :> Simp[IntSum[u, x], x] /; SumQ[u]
 
3.23.20.4 Maple [B] (verified)

Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(711\) vs. \(2(341)=682\).

Time = 17.21 (sec) , antiderivative size = 712, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.02

method result size
default \(-\frac {1}{a^{4} x}-\frac {4 b \ln \left (x \right )}{a^{5}}-\frac {\frac {\frac {c^{3} a \left (76 c^{3} a^{3}-104 a^{2} b^{2} c^{2}+32 a \,b^{4} c -3 b^{6}\right ) x^{5}}{64 c^{3} a^{3}-48 a^{2} b^{2} c^{2}+12 a \,b^{4} c -b^{6}}+\frac {b \,c^{2} a \left (286 c^{3} a^{3}-332 a^{2} b^{2} c^{2}+98 a \,b^{4} c -9 b^{6}\right ) x^{4}}{64 c^{3} a^{3}-48 a^{2} b^{2} c^{2}+12 a \,b^{4} c -b^{6}}+\frac {a c \left (544 a^{4} c^{4}+306 a^{3} b^{2} c^{3}-832 a^{2} b^{4} c^{2}+279 a \,b^{6} c -27 b^{8}\right ) x^{3}}{192 c^{3} a^{3}-144 a^{2} b^{2} c^{2}+36 a \,b^{4} c -3 b^{6}}+\frac {b a \left (496 a^{4} c^{4}-397 a^{3} b^{2} c^{3}+30 a^{2} b^{4} c^{2}+20 a \,b^{6} c -3 b^{8}\right ) x^{2}}{64 c^{3} a^{3}-48 a^{2} b^{2} c^{2}+12 a \,b^{4} c -b^{6}}+\frac {a^{2} \left (116 a^{4} c^{4}+166 a^{3} b^{2} c^{3}-243 a^{2} b^{4} c^{2}+75 a \,b^{6} c -7 b^{8}\right ) x}{64 c^{3} a^{3}-48 a^{2} b^{2} c^{2}+12 a \,b^{4} c -b^{6}}+\frac {\left (590 c^{3} a^{3}-535 a^{2} b^{2} c^{2}+147 a \,b^{4} c -13 b^{6}\right ) a^{3} b}{192 c^{3} a^{3}-144 a^{2} b^{2} c^{2}+36 a \,b^{4} c -3 b^{6}}}{\left (c \,x^{2}+b x +a \right )^{3}}+\frac {\frac {2 \left (-64 a^{3} b \,c^{4}+48 a^{2} b^{3} c^{3}-12 a \,b^{5} c^{2}+b^{7} c \right ) \ln \left (c \,x^{2}+b x +a \right )}{c}+\frac {8 \left (35 a^{4} c^{4}-102 a^{3} b^{2} c^{3}+59 a^{2} b^{4} c^{2}-13 a \,b^{6} c +b^{8}-\frac {\left (-64 a^{3} b \,c^{4}+48 a^{2} b^{3} c^{3}-12 a \,b^{5} c^{2}+b^{7} c \right ) b}{2 c}\right ) \arctan \left (\frac {2 c x +b}{\sqrt {4 a c -b^{2}}}\right )}{\sqrt {4 a c -b^{2}}}}{64 c^{3} a^{3}-48 a^{2} b^{2} c^{2}+12 a \,b^{4} c -b^{6}}}{a^{5}}\) \(712\)
risch \(\text {Expression too large to display}\) \(1183\)

input
int(1/x^2/(c*x^2+b*x+a)^4,x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)
 
output
-1/a^4/x-4*b*ln(x)/a^5-1/a^5*((c^3*a*(76*a^3*c^3-104*a^2*b^2*c^2+32*a*b^4* 
c-3*b^6)/(64*a^3*c^3-48*a^2*b^2*c^2+12*a*b^4*c-b^6)*x^5+b*c^2*a*(286*a^3*c 
^3-332*a^2*b^2*c^2+98*a*b^4*c-9*b^6)/(64*a^3*c^3-48*a^2*b^2*c^2+12*a*b^4*c 
-b^6)*x^4+1/3*a*c*(544*a^4*c^4+306*a^3*b^2*c^3-832*a^2*b^4*c^2+279*a*b^6*c 
-27*b^8)/(64*a^3*c^3-48*a^2*b^2*c^2+12*a*b^4*c-b^6)*x^3+b*a*(496*a^4*c^4-3 
97*a^3*b^2*c^3+30*a^2*b^4*c^2+20*a*b^6*c-3*b^8)/(64*a^3*c^3-48*a^2*b^2*c^2 
+12*a*b^4*c-b^6)*x^2+a^2*(116*a^4*c^4+166*a^3*b^2*c^3-243*a^2*b^4*c^2+75*a 
*b^6*c-7*b^8)/(64*a^3*c^3-48*a^2*b^2*c^2+12*a*b^4*c-b^6)*x+1/3*(590*a^3*c^ 
3-535*a^2*b^2*c^2+147*a*b^4*c-13*b^6)*a^3*b/(64*a^3*c^3-48*a^2*b^2*c^2+12* 
a*b^4*c-b^6))/(c*x^2+b*x+a)^3+4/(64*a^3*c^3-48*a^2*b^2*c^2+12*a*b^4*c-b^6) 
*(1/2*(-64*a^3*b*c^4+48*a^2*b^3*c^3-12*a*b^5*c^2+b^7*c)/c*ln(c*x^2+b*x+a)+ 
2*(35*a^4*c^4-102*a^3*b^2*c^3+59*a^2*b^4*c^2-13*a*b^6*c+b^8-1/2*(-64*a^3*b 
*c^4+48*a^2*b^3*c^3-12*a*b^5*c^2+b^7*c)*b/c)/(4*a*c-b^2)^(1/2)*arctan((2*c 
*x+b)/(4*a*c-b^2)^(1/2))))
 
3.23.20.5 Fricas [B] (verification not implemented)

Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 1957 vs. \(2 (341) = 682\).

Time = 1.78 (sec) , antiderivative size = 3934, normalized size of antiderivative = 11.18 \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^4} \, dx=\text {Too large to display} \]

input
integrate(1/x^2/(c*x^2+b*x+a)^4,x, algorithm="fricas")
 
output
[-1/3*(3*a^4*b^8 - 48*a^5*b^6*c + 288*a^6*b^4*c^2 - 768*a^7*b^2*c^3 + 768* 
a^8*c^4 + 12*(a*b^8*c^3 - 15*a^2*b^6*c^4 + 82*a^3*b^4*c^5 - 187*a^4*b^2*c^ 
6 + 140*a^5*c^7)*x^6 + 6*(6*a*b^9*c^2 - 91*a^2*b^7*c^3 + 506*a^3*b^5*c^4 - 
 1191*a^4*b^3*c^5 + 956*a^5*b*c^6)*x^5 + 2*(18*a*b^10*c - 261*a^2*b^8*c^2 
+ 1334*a^3*b^6*c^3 - 2537*a^4*b^4*c^4 + 340*a^5*b^2*c^5 + 2240*a^6*c^6)*x^ 
4 + 3*(4*a*b^11 - 42*a^2*b^9*c + 50*a^3*b^7*c^2 + 837*a^4*b^5*c^3 - 3364*a 
^5*b^3*c^4 + 3520*a^6*b*c^5)*x^3 + 3*(10*a^2*b^10 - 148*a^3*b^8*c + 783*a^ 
4*b^6*c^2 - 1618*a^5*b^4*c^3 + 548*a^6*b^2*c^4 + 1232*a^7*c^5)*x^2 + 6*((b 
^8*c^3 - 14*a*b^6*c^4 + 70*a^2*b^4*c^5 - 140*a^3*b^2*c^6 + 70*a^4*c^7)*x^7 
 + 3*(b^9*c^2 - 14*a*b^7*c^3 + 70*a^2*b^5*c^4 - 140*a^3*b^3*c^5 + 70*a^4*b 
*c^6)*x^6 + 3*(b^10*c - 13*a*b^8*c^2 + 56*a^2*b^6*c^3 - 70*a^3*b^4*c^4 - 7 
0*a^4*b^2*c^5 + 70*a^5*c^6)*x^5 + (b^11 - 8*a*b^9*c - 14*a^2*b^7*c^2 + 280 
*a^3*b^5*c^3 - 770*a^4*b^3*c^4 + 420*a^5*b*c^5)*x^4 + 3*(a*b^10 - 13*a^2*b 
^8*c + 56*a^3*b^6*c^2 - 70*a^4*b^4*c^3 - 70*a^5*b^2*c^4 + 70*a^6*c^5)*x^3 
+ 3*(a^2*b^9 - 14*a^3*b^7*c + 70*a^4*b^5*c^2 - 140*a^5*b^3*c^3 + 70*a^6*b* 
c^4)*x^2 + (a^3*b^8 - 14*a^4*b^6*c + 70*a^5*b^4*c^2 - 140*a^6*b^2*c^3 + 70 
*a^7*c^4)*x)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*log((2*c^2*x^2 + 2*b*c*x + b^2 - 2*a*c + sq 
rt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*(2*c*x + b))/(c*x^2 + b*x + a)) + (22*a^3*b^9 - 343*a^4*b^ 
7*c + 1987*a^5*b^5*c^2 - 5034*a^6*b^3*c^3 + 4664*a^7*b*c^4)*x - 6*((b^9*c^ 
3 - 16*a*b^7*c^4 + 96*a^2*b^5*c^5 - 256*a^3*b^3*c^6 + 256*a^4*b*c^7)*x^...
 
3.23.20.6 Sympy [F(-1)]

Timed out. \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^4} \, dx=\text {Timed out} \]

input
integrate(1/x**2/(c*x**2+b*x+a)**4,x)
 
output
Timed out
 
3.23.20.7 Maxima [F(-2)]

Exception generated. \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^4} \, dx=\text {Exception raised: ValueError} \]

input
integrate(1/x^2/(c*x^2+b*x+a)^4,x, algorithm="maxima")
 
output
Exception raised: ValueError >> Computation failed since Maxima requested 
additional constraints; using the 'assume' command before evaluation *may* 
 help (example of legal syntax is 'assume(4*a*c-b^2>0)', see `assume?` for 
 more deta
 
3.23.20.8 Giac [A] (verification not implemented)

Time = 0.28 (sec) , antiderivative size = 496, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.41 \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^4} \, dx=\frac {4 \, {\left (b^{8} - 14 \, a b^{6} c + 70 \, a^{2} b^{4} c^{2} - 140 \, a^{3} b^{2} c^{3} + 70 \, a^{4} c^{4}\right )} \arctan \left (\frac {2 \, c x + b}{\sqrt {-b^{2} + 4 \, a c}}\right )}{{\left (a^{5} b^{6} - 12 \, a^{6} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{7} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{8} c^{3}\right )} \sqrt {-b^{2} + 4 \, a c}} + \frac {2 \, b \log \left (c x^{2} + b x + a\right )}{a^{5}} - \frac {4 \, b \log \left ({\left | x \right |}\right )}{a^{5}} - \frac {3 \, a^{4} b^{6} - 36 \, a^{5} b^{4} c + 144 \, a^{6} b^{2} c^{2} - 192 \, a^{7} c^{3} + 12 \, {\left (a b^{6} c^{3} - 11 \, a^{2} b^{4} c^{4} + 38 \, a^{3} b^{2} c^{5} - 35 \, a^{4} c^{6}\right )} x^{6} + 6 \, {\left (6 \, a b^{7} c^{2} - 67 \, a^{2} b^{5} c^{3} + 238 \, a^{3} b^{3} c^{4} - 239 \, a^{4} b c^{5}\right )} x^{5} + 2 \, {\left (18 \, a b^{8} c - 189 \, a^{2} b^{6} c^{2} + 578 \, a^{3} b^{4} c^{3} - 225 \, a^{4} b^{2} c^{4} - 560 \, a^{5} c^{5}\right )} x^{4} + 3 \, {\left (4 \, a b^{9} - 26 \, a^{2} b^{7} c - 54 \, a^{3} b^{5} c^{2} + 621 \, a^{4} b^{3} c^{3} - 880 \, a^{5} b c^{4}\right )} x^{3} + 3 \, {\left (10 \, a^{2} b^{8} - 108 \, a^{3} b^{6} c + 351 \, a^{4} b^{4} c^{2} - 214 \, a^{5} b^{2} c^{3} - 308 \, a^{6} c^{4}\right )} x^{2} + {\left (22 \, a^{3} b^{7} - 255 \, a^{4} b^{5} c + 967 \, a^{5} b^{3} c^{2} - 1166 \, a^{6} b c^{3}\right )} x}{3 \, {\left (c x^{2} + b x + a\right )}^{3} {\left (b^{2} - 4 \, a c\right )}^{3} a^{5} x} \]

input
integrate(1/x^2/(c*x^2+b*x+a)^4,x, algorithm="giac")
 
output
4*(b^8 - 14*a*b^6*c + 70*a^2*b^4*c^2 - 140*a^3*b^2*c^3 + 70*a^4*c^4)*arcta 
n((2*c*x + b)/sqrt(-b^2 + 4*a*c))/((a^5*b^6 - 12*a^6*b^4*c + 48*a^7*b^2*c^ 
2 - 64*a^8*c^3)*sqrt(-b^2 + 4*a*c)) + 2*b*log(c*x^2 + b*x + a)/a^5 - 4*b*l 
og(abs(x))/a^5 - 1/3*(3*a^4*b^6 - 36*a^5*b^4*c + 144*a^6*b^2*c^2 - 192*a^7 
*c^3 + 12*(a*b^6*c^3 - 11*a^2*b^4*c^4 + 38*a^3*b^2*c^5 - 35*a^4*c^6)*x^6 + 
 6*(6*a*b^7*c^2 - 67*a^2*b^5*c^3 + 238*a^3*b^3*c^4 - 239*a^4*b*c^5)*x^5 + 
2*(18*a*b^8*c - 189*a^2*b^6*c^2 + 578*a^3*b^4*c^3 - 225*a^4*b^2*c^4 - 560* 
a^5*c^5)*x^4 + 3*(4*a*b^9 - 26*a^2*b^7*c - 54*a^3*b^5*c^2 + 621*a^4*b^3*c^ 
3 - 880*a^5*b*c^4)*x^3 + 3*(10*a^2*b^8 - 108*a^3*b^6*c + 351*a^4*b^4*c^2 - 
 214*a^5*b^2*c^3 - 308*a^6*c^4)*x^2 + (22*a^3*b^7 - 255*a^4*b^5*c + 967*a^ 
5*b^3*c^2 - 1166*a^6*b*c^3)*x)/((c*x^2 + b*x + a)^3*(b^2 - 4*a*c)^3*a^5*x)
 
3.23.20.9 Mupad [B] (verification not implemented)

Time = 11.80 (sec) , antiderivative size = 1856, normalized size of antiderivative = 5.27 \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^4} \, dx=\text {Too large to display} \]

input
int(1/(x^2*(a + b*x + c*x^2)^4),x)
 
output
(2*log(2*a*b^8*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^7)^(1/2) - 2*b^16*x - 2*a*b^15 + 55*a^2*b^1 
3*c + 26816*a^8*b*c^7 - 4480*a^8*c^8*x + 2*b^9*x*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^7)^(1/2) 
- 647*a^3*b^11*c^2 + 4218*a^4*b^9*c^3 - 16443*a^5*b^7*c^4 + 38276*a^6*b^5* 
c^5 - 49168*a^7*b^3*c^6 + 35*a^5*c^4*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^7)^(1/2) - 25*a^2*b^6 
*c*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^7)^(1/2) - 673*a^2*b^12*c^2*x + 4504*a^3*b^10*c^3*x - 1 
8159*a^4*b^8*c^4*x + 44282*a^5*b^6*c^5*x - 61208*a^6*b^4*c^6*x + 39136*a^7 
*b^2*c^7*x + 56*a*b^14*c*x + 107*a^3*b^4*c^2*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^7)^(1/2) - 16 
6*a^4*b^2*c^3*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^7)^(1/2) - 28*a*b^7*c*x*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^7)^( 
1/2) + 227*a^4*b*c^4*x*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^7)^(1/2) + 143*a^2*b^5*c^2*x*(-(4*a 
*c - b^2)^7)^(1/2) - 310*a^3*b^3*c^3*x*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^7)^(1/2))*(b^8*(-(4 
*a*c - b^2)^7)^(1/2) - b^15 + 16384*a^7*b*c^7 - 336*a^2*b^11*c^2 + 2240*a^ 
3*b^9*c^3 - 8960*a^4*b^7*c^4 + 21504*a^5*b^5*c^5 - 28672*a^6*b^3*c^6 + 70* 
a^4*c^4*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^7)^(1/2) + 28*a*b^13*c + 70*a^2*b^4*c^2*(-(4*a*c - 
 b^2)^7)^(1/2) - 140*a^3*b^2*c^3*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^7)^(1/2) - 14*a*b^6*c*(-( 
4*a*c - b^2)^7)^(1/2)))/(a^5*(4*a*c - b^2)^7) - (4*b*log(x))/a^5 - (2*log( 
2*a*b^15 + 2*b^16*x + 2*a*b^8*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^7)^(1/2) - 55*a^2*b^13*c - 2 
6816*a^8*b*c^7 + 4480*a^8*c^8*x + 2*b^9*x*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^7)^(1/2) + 647*a 
^3*b^11*c^2 - 4218*a^4*b^9*c^3 + 16443*a^5*b^7*c^4 - 38276*a^6*b^5*c^5 + 4 
9168*a^7*b^3*c^6 + 35*a^5*c^4*(-(4*a*c - b^2)^7)^(1/2) - 25*a^2*b^6*c*(-(4 
*a*c - b^2)^7)^(1/2) + 673*a^2*b^12*c^2*x - 4504*a^3*b^10*c^3*x + 18159...